behind closed doors Vietnam and now helps suppor the Nicaraguan contras. The same people, the investigation shows, carry our the Here JEFF MACKLER, a leading supporter of the US existence of a "secret team" of counter-insurgency dirty tricks' specialists, which goes back to operations against Institute, has revealed much more startling information investigation and its associated lawsuit has appeared in dirty work of US imperialism wherever it is challenged. Trotskyist paper Socialist Action, relates the story of the the Guardian newspaper, this is the first time the whole secret team. While the outline of the Christic Institute This team has worked with the CIA in Cuba, in sales to Iran. Their investigation has revealed the American civil liberties organisation, the Christic North, Poindexter, Shultz and McFarlane testify Washington story has been told in this country Cuba in the carly 1960s.
ing of the internal decison-making thr Natinhal Security IN 1959, immediatel after the monhr- - with the lull authorisation of President Dought mitterafthe Natinnal Securits Commeil a plan: code-mamed plati war to undermine, weaken and eventualle werthrow the government darians, is its exposure of the Jutetico- Lionary victory of the Cuban people led hy. Fidel Casr, vice president chaired a special com The perpose of the bodies of the tis taling class — 'Operation 40" Richard Nison 'Operanon 40' Eisenhower - N gamments to show "probable case' responsible for a scrics of US- The Ist begius with the 1961 invasion nf Cuba ar the Bay of Pigs and runs through aces of individual assassina- tig and mass marder in Vietnam; The suit focuses its central attention president and the "secrer team" for the has already withstood all efforts to sunt les mel the Jegal re- 29 delendants, The Ist of defendants sponsured acts of international terror. on the direct responsibility of the Es Nicaraguan contras. Sheehan's case 10 substanniare its alleganions açainsr Laus, Iran and Libya: hemiss ir from court. provided information to implicate the president, who continued to deny his The American public was far ahead ing of the hearings indicated that more than 66 per cent of the public believed ed hy the nongressional guardians" of AT THE opening of the Contragate hearings, the main question to be pos- law and order was did President Reagan know that the top government Council (NSC) were funnelling money answer to ta question soon becan National polis taken before the open- obvious when virtually every "winner ol the Congressional investigators officials 10 his Nanonal
of Caba. The plan included the use of In late 1959. Nixon and ClA diree- rortuitment of espatnate. night wing Cubans and set up two traming base: Gubam back to Cluba to setup euer: rilla operations against Castro and to attacks agnist the ceonorme intrastructure cit empat, mo mort scerriy with two and John гертексптсн Guateninte: The in was tosend theee billionaire Howard Hunt's financie: Miami, the odier Allen Dulles supervised director right wing pro-Batista Cubans carly 1960. Nixon military Sam Giancana men Maheu. I terrorist Roseli: These Howard men. Cuha lor Inchides Contragate Hearing witneRs Major General Richard Secord: Ma- General John Kragan was coropelled to shift ro higher grund. Admitring his intimate: shipments. he asserted that the Boland "intelligence" guthering agencies of the Reagan argued; war merely hes per- sonal advisor board, pot a formal agency of the government. It was ex- empt from the Congressional ban anl therelore not prevented fromm organising a massive flow of arms: planes, expinsves, and other woapons in the professional murderers Reagan contra arms application to the Council, amendment the legislation supposed- ly prohibiting wuch shipments, Uniced States — such as the CIN that President Kcagan was Iving. Scouries the National urgunismea limited in knowiedge The
1t was agreed at this meeting thu with the goal of assarimating Fidel Castro, tus bruther Raul Castro, Che The assassination sejuan, known as the shooter team", was selerend by Trafftante. Is members werr Ratael "Chi Chi Quintero. Felix Rodriguez former Havana Mañla 'Don' Satto Trafficante, whose Havana casino. hotel and prostitution operatun we jun by Resorts Inrernarinal. Thaiss Meyer Lansky Mafia company: Trat- would be supplemented by a prisate organisation Acaded hy Trafficante Nixonte secrei NSO Operation 401 ficatile was Lunsky's lieutenant tevolutionary leaders. Oder delendants mclude top GTA officiale in four administrations a numerous covert assassination cd as Ir Colonel Oliver North'» per: Kober Owen, the man who tunchon sonai representative to the contras Fidel Castro - survivor of number of professional Daniel Sheehan, general coursel of sions of the Racketeer Influence and The sur was filed in a Florida federal Tikened to the 'founding laters" of the While Congressional lawvers and constitutional experts puzzied over the legal aspects of Rcagan's claim, a little-known and unlkeis randiat tion of the truth behind the cover up intenest law firm and interfaith public- has filed a lawsuit under tie provi- for the joh of exposing at Teast a por- Corrupt Organisation Act (RICO). districs court nn 12 Deeember 1986 policy centre in Washington DC has begun to emerge. United States:
SOCIALIST OUTLOOk-no3 Septemhen/@cobu 1087 (aka Max Gomezl Luis Posada Carriles (aka "Ramon Media'). Ricardo Chavez Frank Fiorini raka Frank Sturgis). Rolando Marner direcry mamed by Shechan as defen- team" in the illegal funding of the con- In the summer of 1950, wlice Jobs ed by Dalles of de ClA about Opent- Rafel Villaverde, Raul Villaverde, They an charged with working dimet F Kennedy won the Democratie Party presidential nomination, he was briei- dans in the Christic hosture lascsuir: Musi of the above mentinond ald two other Cuban Americans ly with President Reagan?® ua war in Nicaragun portun of cocanie into the United wath a court order granting the nacht of organised crime, former terrorist sup- potes af Cuban dictator Fuigeaicio Batista, and the central Columhian crime figures belind che massive im- Christic Institute arroreys, atted 25 years discovery, are procteding information gatlering have already presented implicates rhr tinistrations since Eisenhower I 11- stage of the lawsuit The materialthes Rrpubliran ed- The unigneness of thes lawsing. funded in pair by church-based foun directly linked to the Mafia legal cerront and gebocolat acts thrugh the In the suit, Shechan and plaintills dircetly Jink the president of the United States to a chain of illegal ror- rorist acrs against the people. of demonstrates that the perpetrators of - including Reagan, thc highest officials in the US government. aspects of the forcign policy of the Us this team = which is largely directed by the National Security Council - is Tony Avirgan and Martha Honey and their underlings - carry out vital ruling class through a 'secret team' which has functioned clandestinely Shechan'& allidevir documents bow Bur their suit does mure uver the past 27 years. 18
Pieis Carandit Oliver North, the same Norti who. until his resignation a lew munthr ago, served as President Reagan's chief organiser of U5 military aid to the The order by the CIA against Fidel Castru, "terminale with extreme pre- , was pursued by the shooter team" between 1960 and 1963. During
for the groap was then air force Ta Sccord resigned from the aif force somr: 19 years later when onc of his subordinates was about to be indicred The assassination programne was Between 1966 and 1975 the Sporial Colond Richard Secord, later pro- under the direct control of Shackley Operations Group in Laos, throngh che secret programme fanded by Van income, assassinated over: 100,000 non combaran village moted to the rank ol major goeral. and Clines, who operated our of Laos. for smuggling armas to Libya. depury air-wing Pao's opium several assassinition ar- templs againer Castm were carried Contra bases were established by the CIA in the Escambray mountains bl Cuba in July 1960. Thesc bases were supplied with incendiary bombs. profile guerrilla-infiltration strategy of plan for a full-scale invasion of Cuba and ocher explosives Jor use against Cuba's major urban centres. Between Operation 40' was transmuted into a The invasion of April 1961 usedl che January 1961 and April 1961, the luw persontiel of 'Operation 0* ar the Bay of Pigs.
In 1908, Shackley was reansferred to Saigon, where he became CIA sta- tion chicf. Ar this time, Sharkiey's rial and Lain America. Clinee werit. other civilian officials in Laus, Cam- furmer associate in the JM/wave' operation in Miami Sanco Traf- They formed a partnership to import china white beroin into the Unired Stares. By 1969. Trallicante becamc the top 15 heroin importer. Van Pao's In 1972, Shackiey was transferred to the United States, where he becaune chief uf the CIA'R operatione for Cen- Shackley and Clinek direcred the project known as Track I' in Chile. which included the usassination of Chilcan phesident Shackley's Laotian assoriatc Van Pas. increased Salvndor Allende and the overtlirow be the Chilea miliury of the Allende in 1973, Shackley and Clines were 113 Lugley, where Sharkley headed the Tast Asia division of the Ci with Clines as tus deputy: They directed the phoenix project" in Victnams in 197475. u programme designec to cripple the isfrostructure Bf Vietnam atrer a t/s rroop widhirawal. This in- cluded the assassination bt some Ireasurers, linancial contrhntions lo the un translerred tn ClA lioadquarters projeut government in September 1973. ficante, flew to Saigon 60.000 village Inayors. hook-keepers, Clincs conventional warfare" along as his deputy: bodia and Thailand. and correspondingly- ficante. Shackley These contras were armed with US naval, wir and army weapons Wirhin the contra army was routed by an cluded an armed militia of 250,000 regrouped thr tattened remains of November 1963. The supervisor of three days of their landing in Cuba, By June 1961 Kobert Kennedy 'Operation 90" and remiriared the old 'Operation 40" was renamed Opera- rion Mongnosc" and was continued by the Kennedy administration until Operation Mongoose" was 34-ycar nid ciA agent Theodure Shackley. His deputy was Thomas Clincs 'Opera- tion Mongoos:" functioned In a work- ing partnership with Mahia lieutenanr gramme, code named JM/wave" war became deputy chiel ol stacon for thr under Eiscnhower and Kemedy. low-profile guerrilla "raids" into Cuba. Santo Tratticante. The combined pro: shut down and Shackley and Clines werr transferred to Laos Sharkicy CIX. Clines was Jus depury. Shackley and Clincs provided air suppor for one Van Pan in a threc-sided drug war for contrel of the illegal apiuru trade in Van Pao's comperitors were secrer traiing programume of Smong tribesmen in "unconventional war- truning m pulitical assussination. By 1900, tbeir special operations were financed by aroused Cuban popularion that in Sharkley and Clines: ininared revolurionary increcnaries mysteriouslv assassinared Thus inciuded: workers and sudents. Van Pao. Laos: laro'-
Sandinista rapid deployment unit prosecuting the war against the contras school teachers, and other nön Viet The programme was financed by Sharklcy and Clines, again using Van Pao opiam money. The opium ac- US navy official in Saigon nur of the us Onlice of Naval Operations, The bur- counts wen administered by a Cone' administrarnes: SOCIALIST OUTIOOK no 1 Seciember/Omober 1987 Ix 1961, a multi-service group known aa the Military, Assistance Command. Sperial Operations Group group supervised" political ascassinacions in Laos. Cam- Srrving ander Singlaub in 1968 in Laos, was a second lieutenant nameu Commanded by General John K. (MACV SOG) — was set up in Saigon Ollie North in Laos bodia, and Thailand. Singlaub, the Vietnam
Wilson proposed a package totalling clade the services of five assassins ar $80,000 cach and an annual expense: ferences over the cost of the secret $650,000 per yeur which was to !!!- assassins was to be Rabel Chi Chi asassinare the top leadership of the of 8250,000, One of the members of the 1960 Nixon/Santo assassination squad to the Somoza die. Sandinista revollionary mavemenr: sent Edwin Wilco to offer its tatorship: Their propusal Quintero. The N and jailed. Wilson is now serving a were allowed to resign from the CIA by Stansfield Turner. Alter resigning from the CIA, Shackley and Clines When Wilson's ilegat arms sales to Libya were accidentally revealed, he was indicted by the Is government 50 year prison term in Marion prison in Minois: He has reqoested immuni- prosecution for contnued to work with Secord as part testimony confirming the illegal con His superiors, Shackley and Clines. E duct of the 'secret team' Carter-appointer P Pi mitage made preparations for their also smuggled sar" for the Viernarn "phoenix project' In 1973. Shackley, Clines and Ar- own privare, non-CIA, assassination gramme. This preparation included smuggling large quantities of moncy The money was taken to Australia by deposited in the Nugen Hand Bank and other accounts accessible only fo from the opium fand nut of Vietnam. S Shackley, Clines and Second. was Richard Armitage. This "secret team' and Clines
proposal prevented a firin Wilson returned to Nicaragua to plosives given tas Somoza had been formally cut off from purchasing US military aid to any governincot found to have systemancally vinlared the Rafarl Quintero, representing the secret team", finally negotiaced it ars contract with Somoza on the and ex- US continue negotiations a year later. This time the purposs was to arrange for the secret purchase of military dons" invocation of the congressional weapons hy the Carter administra Harkin amondment in January 1979, prohibited human rights of its own citizens ammunition, agreement with Somoza amendment weapons This transferred to Irate to serve as assistant Middle Fastern division of the defence this capacity he was in charge of weapons, and military quipment to secretary of defence in charge of the security assistance administration. In foreign military sales of US aircralt, of the so-called privar secret team' nunese people in April 1975. The Following the O5 evacuation from Vietnamn, Richard Amitage was sent Eastern aflairs. Von Marbod shared tions and explosives our of Vietnam Washingion, DO, from the Operation 10' committee in the Nixon White House was Eric Von Marbod. an assistant secretary of Stale for Far this toformation on the phoenix pro: jeer directly with his supervisor, US Victnam war was over, and the secret thousands of tons of weapons, muni- into a secret arms 'cache" in Thailand. SACON wAs liberated by the Vict secretary of state Henry Kissinger. Secret team moves to Iran ream' shifted its operations. Eastern affairs.
to negociate the illegal sals of (cum's thind trip to Nicaragua in carly: legal shipment to the Somoza dictior ship of weapons: @maniton. a0- In the period berween the time of Somom's departure From Nivarugun. estimaced 00:000 Nicaragtan civilians were murderer he-Somoza's natirmal guard had sufficient arms to bisc for Somoza Ted Nicaraguar on 17 July. 1979, to the ishme of North Clay: Wi Their he again met 1979. The contract provided for the il • perit ol some six cumstis. Before This shipment, the signing of this contrac witli representatives of thr craft, aar explosivrs. onlv i lew weeks. the Batiamas Middie Eastern nacions allied with the Secord, however, did not arrange for the direct nanion to nation sale cit these weapons. Instead, by the use ula Iranian-borr On businessman. Second from the 15 turer's cost and resold them at the Vietnam - where many of the government at the low higher replacement cost" covert team met middle man, United States. then the assistant depury director bl hank acrounts for Van Pan opium money. Fir the now so-called private The function of the team was to seck out, idenrify, and sympathisers, who were viewed bo the agents but operating "privately" in the Uniled Sides, supervised this seemt assassination project from 1076 to the fall of the Shah in 1979. Sharkley was operations for the CIA. Clines was lus to Teheran by Shackley and Clince: His mission was to ser up Iranian team" to be: "potential ter Shackley and Clines, assassinate socialist and "secret team"
50C/ALST OUTLOOK To 3 Saplember/Olnder 1987 one Shackley and Clines had organis. ed againer che government of Chiba business purters with Edwin Wilon January 1979), supplied weapons to They operated run of Thev later did the same in Costa Rica in 1983-81, operacing puc of the This sale enabled Somoza and his national guard generals to begin want later became the 'copra" war agaansr the legally recognised (bir the tinired States governmenr of Nicarugun. The planned secret war was identical to the in the Egyptian-American Transport and Service Co. (incorporated in Honduras beginning in Augusr 1979. between 1961 and 1965 their "private weapons secret team" world to conceal their secret opera- Through rhese corporations was puckered by Hakin am Sccond and trinsferred to Shackley's secret team' accounts in- side Tran and into the Nugen-Hand Bv 1976, Hakim became a member and business partner of the sccret Between 197b and 1979, the "secret team" set up several corpora: tions and subsidiaries mound the they laundered hundreds of millions of dollars of Van Pao opium money and pilfered profits from foreign inilitary spring of 1978, the secret bank account in Australia The difference Wilson to take direct responsibility lor specialist. Wilson's other assignments plosives to Libya, a project the secret Ar the same time, Wilson headed a sonal acroplane, a project which was plane to place a phone call moments the assassination programme. Wilson worked nut of the US Military Mission in Iran as a so-called anti-terrorist team" supposedly took on to foil alleg- CIA project to murder Qaddafi. This involved blowing up Qaddafi's per- actually carried out but which Tell short of its goal when Oaddali left the cd assassination ellorts directed by Li byan president Mohammar Qaddafi. included supplying arms and before the explosion occurred. In larc 1975 thcy hared 20
ed Federal Emergency Management federal detention camps some 100,000 undocumented following a L'S invasion of Nicaragua, IN APRIL 1984, for example, Presi den Reagan issued National Secunity Agency Director Luuis O. Guiffrida to prepare a secret nationwide readinese The programme was tn be designed to test the readiness of US defence aliens in the even of a presidentially declared state of domestic emergency Decision Directive 52. which authoris- to round up and intern so ten forces to accomplish two purposees: exercise code named 'KEX 84° vinlanions of micrnanonal law, accor- publicly stated that his objective was the vinient overthrow of the San- dinista goverment to preven the Following the international uprour over the conduct of the CIA, Congress began to dral, legslation to prevent Robert Mcfarlane, and national security council deputy director Li another illegal plan to circumvent the North mer to divise ding to the World Court. Reagan establishment in Latin America of a direct and indireet sid to the contras. In response, Reagan, Meese, Bush, Soviet military base!. congressional ban L. The held officer of the secret lean was Farael Quintero, the that who mer with the contras in Honduras: of the weapons. Quintero operated out of the Miami based Orca Supply Cor for Wilson as a protessional assassin it privarely owned ranch of secret reani' member and CI/ uperative John Thull. continued through October 1986, with the exception of the perind between June 1901 and March 1901, when the and Costa Rica and ensured delivery a company originally sor up by Edwin Quntero previously worked a D'S husinessman This arms supply weapons were supplied direcdy by William Case of the CIA.
to Transfer hundreds of tons of small arme and other weapons fron the Department of Defence to various represencative of Oliver North to the work thar was operative prior to June 1981. Owen was the direct personal Alter the passage of the Boland Tish of all ts government aid to the contras, It Col Oliver Nord con- tracted the secret team" lo reactivate their military supply operations to the contras. T'he plan was to have Robert Owen resume the seener support ner- Amendment, whirh ordered the cessa- When Keagan cook office in mccrings took place where ir was Security Adviser Richard Allen, CLA Director William Cascy, vien pres- dent of the United States and chair of January 1901, a series oF White Hous rontinue aid to the contras. Involved in chitoe meetings were White House Chief of sraff Edwin Meese, national decided to formally — but scoretly -
wete also pressing to mnify the com- persuade Congress to resume formal gress eventually did, in defiance of in- assigninicht was to set up i series of North, and their cohorts Peting contra groups in order to berrer Luriding to the contras — winch Con rornational law and despure the ample meantime, Owens key private organisations to secrelly ruse To thes end he Contracted Gencral Siglach, who in tur set up the us Council on World Freedom to begin the illegal collection documenrarion of the contras? lunds fur the contras documentation turist record. In the the NSC Lask force on terrorismi George Bush, and President Ronald the CrA was continue the dovert fun- to supply weapons until June 1981, when the operation was of- firtally but secret taken over by the In June 1981, Reagan signed a dirertive expressy authoring BiA Director Caser to wulertake rhe finan- cing, training acel military supply of Reagan: I was agreed that Casey and ding of the contras. The secret team the Honduran-bused conrras. Reagan tionel upon the contras Jorming speciled die the support was condi classified natinnal security continued CIN
William Casey, head of the CIA, died conveniently 21 just prior to the contragate hearings A key component of the secret: team /CIA contra aid programme was secret contra twing camps in the alcady operational and were observed by sources idlertified by the Christic the construction of a secret coptra base and airstrip on a catdle ranch on Costa Kila's Nicaraguan Border. Heading this pongramme was "sorrer team" Trader John Hull, whose private ranch became the staging area lor contra National Guard units and then to Defence Forces, formed by act of che srare legislatures OF Texas, Alabama, The weapons were tien lo be scot ro United States for slupment to.the con: specially created Suit of these Institue lawstit and Louisiana. quasi autonomicus. soorece likc Posey was small scale: when rompared to projects lormally but not publicly contemplared by the with former members of the US Arm- So-called surplus arms were obtain- Jerscy for shipment of arms to Hopango Air Base in El Salvador and shen to Costa Rica, Honduras and Nicaragua: Pusey's peronsal diary. part of the ordcuce in the lawsuit, The eflori to fannel aid to the con- smen, and anti-connunist Cubans Anuder private source of arms for the contrus was Thomas Poses and Ins Civilian Military Assistance organisa- lion. Poscy's gmun worked directly organise and ed directly by Posey from the 20th Special Forces Unit of the LS Army in Forces airplane was abrained in New ed Forces, current National Guard Alahama A "surplies" 015 nance the contra arun. detailed all this activity. Reagan administration. and Nicaraguals: SOCIALIST OUTIQDK in 3 September/Otober 198/ When pressed, Reupan claimed that there was only initial sid to inter- der supplies allegedig sour by the Sundinistas to the Farahundo Mari Vacandl Liberation Front (FMIN) in: Mr Michaels to prepare a repurt 10 document this alleged shipment of its to the FMLN MeMichaels' regor concluded that there was no Tie 1983 the Cl was caughr and Nicaragua's civilian Barbours and for passing, out manuas to the contras thar openly advocated the assassing- authoritics, Borh these actevities were. dictusches into a colesive contrates- ed. wand united force to which the Cha tinued throughout 1982 During this Reagan expressly denied that the Us government was assigned agent David providing any support for the contras. Claim. He was fired bu the CIA: Could channel support to: ducument El Salvador:
This is an edited persion of an arti- cie which first appeared in Socaint Ac tion (US) Vol 5, nu. 7, July 1987. Z by the Chilean dictator Galil was: past 550.000 to carry our the Pastora previously emploved E: Pinochet police Angusto: secrel been C Hull also beaded a special unit of an "international brigade operating from This group organised a plot to carry our a terrorist bombing of the opcrations.
2. The Choat Insuture affidavi salem Numeros saris, including mulatiuns have teen taken directly from Alibongir the Christie Institure's allega- tions have nor yet, been certified in a LIK on this subject as well as the conclusions of the Workd Court and the Bericand Russeil bassador to Tehran. Ilelms — who hail Te should he remembered that Carte ministration, the Us government and the frun an affidavit filed by Daniel Sheehan of the Chrenc Institute in December 1986, In some instances, for- court of law, the charges presented are con- sideni with numeroes pullined findings that the Kennedy benders were not briefed on the existence of the shooter toan This a 19 January 1971 San Francico Chromed-ar- ticle by Jack Anderson (p. 33) discussek the authonsing the assassination toam agansi 5 The lawsure asserts that Presidenr Timin Carier and ClA Director Sunshield Turner Ford and Nixon administrations - prosit- Heur, diren of NATO, to set up in Teheran the Council of Gescrals Fur vix months, Gen Housersought to coordinato a coup in Teheran which bad tarried tras CiA pridel Rulerto D'Aubuissumand the Salvadoran drath squas with the in telligence files used to finger thoosands of Source: Allan Naim. 7hr been ClA deceror during the Johnson, maintained Rihand Helms ms hs am of thousand of perple fur acousination. 1 Portions of this article arc baseni In addition under the Carter were ignorant of this contract ed uver Shackley's operations Progreer, Mity 1984:1 ed to Hull with the direrr assistance of and Tomas Clines. Also involved in the smuggling of the C-t explosive in this effort, a number of journalists. Daniel Sheehan, the prime initiator of Portions of rhe explosive were smugel- former CIA agents Theodore Shackley While Pastora was seriously injured killed. Scores of others were maimed and otherwise serionsly wounded, in- cluding American ABC cameraman Whate House chief of traff Edwin Meese, CIA dire- McFarlane, John Pointexter, and It Col Oliver Norrh conracted the 'secret ream' to arrange for the illegal cale of weapons to Iran. As in the pasr, the price of these weapons in order to ar- range for a profit to be used to pur- chase weapons for the contras, When ridentally revealed by a member of the Iranian government, a chain of events began to untold which exposed an aspect of functioning of the Us ruling (For more information on the Washington D.C. 20002. Tel. (202) their secret arrangements were ac- plosive front John Hull at his ranch. lawsur were to the Chrismic Institute. He received the potent © 4 ex the lawsuir against the 'secret team'. Tony Avirgan who is, along 1924. North Capirol Strom. "busincerman" Albert Hakint. deal included manipulation class which is not often seen. - including one American President Reagan; Lewis Tambs. The idea was to blame the assassination on cbe Sandinisra operated a programme to ship large quantities of cocaine from Colombia With the help of Cuban American ton per week — was then shipped to Base in El Salvador back to Hull's Included was a plot to assassinate the new Us ambassador to Costa Rica. to Hull's ranch. A specially lengthen- cd austrip was contrucred for this pur- pose under the supervision of Rafacl Rene Corbo, the cocaine — up to one Miami, New Orleans, and Memphis, where it was sold. Part of the prolits were diverted back to Hull, who used the moncy for the purchase of arms for the contras. The cocaine was provided to Full by Pable Escobar and Jorge Ochoa, Colombia's two largest co- aurplanes used by the contras to lerry weapons from lopango Air Force In late April 1985, the Costa Rican rural national guard raided a contra camp on Hull's property and con- ammurition, and explosives Several Nicaraguan contra mercenaries and specifically purchased and registered Poscy in the Unired US embassy in San Jose, Costa Rica, fiscated large quantities of weapons, government, thus providing a plausi Hull's International Brigade" ble pretext for a US invasion. sevcral forcign mercenaries They conliscated cluding two Americans by Thomas Posey ranch in Gosta Rica. Richard: Secord drug-traffickers
SOCIALIST OUTLOOK.. 1 September/Oratier 7987 South Africa to Central ternational EWPOINT of news and analysis fortnightly magazine America, Eastern Europe to the Philippines, TV is indispensable reading for M is a unique VIEWPOINT fernational For a free sample copy and details India. Plus regular news of the Fourth National Congress, the South African Jaqueline Heinen and Alain Krivine. movement, Islamic fundamentalism of subscription prices, write now to International. Contributors Include Communist Party and trade-union elections In Western Europe and Lenoir, 93108, Montreull, France. TV Distribution (X), 2 rue Richard anyone wanting to keep up with Recent Issues have Included and women in Turkey, the world articles on the last Palestinian financial crisis and the recent Ernest Mandel, Livio Maitan, events in the world today. FREE SAMPLE COPY With the failure of the CiA to unilv Rica: plosives were provided by Posey. the various contra organisations, the team CIA collaborated with Adolfo Cidero'» Honduran-based con- National Democratic Fores (FTN), in a pior ro assassinare rical contra leader Eden Pastord, The CIA nbjected to Pastora's hased ARCHE forces with Miami-based Cuban mercenarics and Calero's ex- The atempts to murder Pastora took place on 30 May. 1984, at an ARD press conference in La Penica, border, called by Pastora to denouner the CIA. The attack was organised by John Hull and Costa Rican-based contras: The weapons and C-4 ex- attempt Galil,a notorious right-wing terrorist who had refusal lo integrate his Gosta Rican- Nicaraguan-Costa The actual assassination Amar s Hull, and the 'secret team' the organisation. was executed by Somoza generals: the 'secrer was 22
Ashford remand centre deportation block
Carlos Guarita Refles Carlos Guarika! Palina
23 HATCHER, black people are rigli to call the 1 abour Party racist: l is mol a question ol overt racism in Labour's ranks, buriot die Why Sharon